Description: Carte de visite photograph of William T. Sherman and his staff, from the William T. Sherman Photograph Album, ca. 1865-1880. William Tecumseh Sherman was born in Lancaster, Ohio, on February 8, 1820. He attended the American Military Academy and graduated in 1840, ranked sixth in his class of cadets. He served in the Union Army and is best known for his 1864 "March to the Sea" to capture Savannah, Georgia. When Ulysses S. Grant was elected president of the United States, Sherman succeeded him as Commanding General of the U.S. Army. He served in that capacity from 1869 until 1883. Sherman died in New York city on February 14, 1891, and is buried in Calvary Catholic Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL04352
Subjects: United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865; Ohio History--Military Ohio; Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891;
 

Description: This photograph depicts the Sherman House, birthplace of the brothers General William Tecumseh Sherman and statesman John Sherman. The home is a Registered National Landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) was born in Lancaster, Ohio. Orphaned at age nine, he was raised by Thomas Ewing, a U. S. senator who also served as secretary of the treasury and secretary of the interior. He graduated sixth in his class from the United States Military Academy at West Point and served in positions in the South, where he gained great knowledge of the Southern people and the geography of the region. Sherman served in the Mexican War, but left the army in 1853. At the outbreak of the Civil War, Sherman accepted a position as a colonel in the regular army. He became well known for his tactics of property damage and psychological warfare against the southern people, best illustrated by his march through Georgia. His goal was to convince the southern people to stop the war, and prevent more battle field deaths. Sherman is credited with the saying "War is hell." John Sherman (1823-1900) grew up in Lancaster, Ohio, one of eleven children of Ohio Supreme Court Justice Charles Sherman. In 1840, Sherman moved to Mansfield to live with his oldest brother, Charles Jr. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate, as secretary of the treasury, and secretary of state. He authored numerous pieces of legislation, though he is best remembered for the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. Sherman was considered for the Republican presidential ticket three times, but never gained his party's nomination. Critics claimed that he was a cool and distant man and that these personality traits cost him the presidency. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3244_4401982_001
Subjects: Presidents and Politics; Military Ohio; Architecture; Civil War; Houses; National Register of Historic Places; Sherman, John, 1823-1900; Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891
Places: Lancaster (Ohio); Fairfield (Ohio)
 

Description: Carte de visite portrait of William Tecumseh Sherman, ca. 1860-1869. Sherman was born on February 8, 1820 in Lancaster, Ohio. A general in the Civil War, Sherman was known for his "scorched earth" policies. After the Civil War, he became the Commanding General of the Army and published his "Memoirs of General William T. Sherman." He died on February 14, 1891 in New York City. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL02901
Subjects: United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865; Ohio--History, Military--19th century; Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891; Military Ohio
Places: New York (New York)
 

Description: Carte de visite of General William Tecumseh Sherman, who served with the Union Army during the Civil War. A native of Lancaster, Ohio, Sherman is best known for his "March to the Sea" from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia, utilizing the idea of "total war" to attempt to end the war more quickly. He fought at many other battles, however, including Bull Run, Shiloh, Corinth, Vicksburg, Chattanooga, Missionary Ridge, and Kennesaw Mountain. He also accepted the surrender of Confederate General Joseph Johnston's army, the largest single surrender of troops during the war. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV200_b03_f33_36
Subjects: Ohio--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Pictorial works; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Photographs; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Military officers--Union; Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891
Places: Lancaster (Ohio)
 

Description: This image is a carte des visite photograph of General Alpheus Starkey Williams (1810-1878), who was a military leader during the Mexican-American War and the Civil War. This card photograph is among the images in the William T. Sherman Photograph Album. Williams served under General Sherman in the Atlanta Campaign and in the March to the Sea. Alpheus Starkey Williams was born in Deep River, Connecticut. Both parents died by the time he was 17 but left him an estate that allowed him to graduate from Yale College in 1831and then to study law. He moved to Detroit, Michigan, in 1836 and was admitted to the bar in 1837. In addition to practicing law, he was a probate judge, publisher of the “Detroit Advertiser,” and a member of the board of education. He enlisted in the local militia, the Brady Guards, rising from the rank of private in 1838 to becoming major general in the Michigan Militia within 20 years. From 1847 to July 1848, he served as a lieutenant colonel in the First Michigan Infantry during the Mexican-American War. He returned to Detroit and worked as city’s postmaster from 1849 to 1853. In 1855 the Brady Guard became the Detroit Light Guard and Williams its captain and leader. By 1859 the unit had expanded into a battalion of two companies, and Williams had achieved the rank of major. In spring 1861 he was commissioned a brigadier general of Michigan Volunteers and of United States Volunteers. He commanded troops that fought in the Shenandoah Valley against Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson’s men; in the Battle of Antietam, the Battle of Resaca, and on Brenner’s Hill during the Battle of Gettysburg. During the General William T. Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign, Williams commanded the First Division, XX Corps. In November 1864 Williams became commander of XX Corps, the first troops to enter Savannah, Georgia. In January 1865 he was brevetted the rank of major general. His fatherly concern for his men earned him the nickname “Pap.” Williams left the military in January 1866 and launched an unsuccessful gubernatorial campaign. In fall 1866, President Andrew Johnson appointed him Minister Resident to El Salvador, a post he held until 1869. Williams ran successfully for Congress in 1874 and 1876, and as a U.S. Representative worked hard on behalf of military veterans. He died December 21, 1878, and was buried in Detroit’s Elmwood Cemetery. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL04361
Subjects: Williams, Alpheus S. (Alpheus Starkey), 1810-1878; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865; Atlanta Campaign, 1864; Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891; Sherman's March to the Sea
 

Description: William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) wore this shoulder mark when he was a major general in the Union army during the Civil War. Sherman was promoted to this rank after the Battle of Shiloh in April of 1862. It measures 1.57 by 4.33 inches (4 by 11 cm). William Tecumseh Sherman was born in Lancaster, Ohio. Orphaned at age nine, he was raised by Thomas Ewing, a U. S. Senator who also served as secretary of the treasury and secretary of the interior. He graduated sixth in his class from West Point and served in positions in the south where he gained great knowledge of the southern people and the geography of the region. Sherman served in the Mexican War, but left the army in 1853. At the outbreak of the Civil War, Sherman accepted a position as a colonel in the regular army. Sherman became well known for his tactics of property damage and psychological warfare against the southern people, best illustrated by his march through Georgia. His goal was to convince the southern people to stop the war, and prevent more battle field deaths. Sherman is credited with the saying "War is hell." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1435_1534166_001
Subjects: Military Ohio; Civil War; Military uniforms; Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891
Places: Lancaster (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio)
 

Description: In this carte de visite, Lieutenant General William T. Sherman (1820-1891) appears mounted on his horse Duke in Atlanta, Georgia during the Civil War. This 2.5 by 4-inch (6.35 by 10.16 cm) carte de visite dates from 1864. William Tecumseh Sherman was born in Lancaster, Ohio. Orphaned at age nine, he was raised by Thomas Ewing, a U. S. senator who also served as secretary of the treasury and secretary of the interior. He graduated sixth in his class from the United States Military Academy at West Point and served in positions in the South, where he gained great knowledge of the Southern people and the geography of the region. Sherman served in the Mexican War, but left the army in 1853. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he accepted a position as a colonel in the regular army. Sherman became well known for his tactics of property damage and psychological warfare against the southern people, best illustrated by his march through Georgia. His goal was to convince the Southern people to stop the war, and prevent more battlefield deaths. Sherman's military career continued after the Civil War. In 1869, President Ulysses S. Grant promoted Sherman to full general and commander of the United States army. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1444_1150452_001
Subjects: Military Ohio; Presidents and Politics; Civil War; Horses; Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891
Places: Atlanta (Georgia); Lancaster (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows the Sherman House Museum in Lancaster, Ohio. The Sherman House is the birthplace of General William Tecumseh Sherman, the home of his parents, Charles and Mary Sherman, and his siblings. Built in 1811, the house includes a parlor, kitchen, master bedroom, and bedrooms for the children. The family built an addition in 1816 which included a parlor and study for Judge Charles Sherman, William's father. Furniture belonging to General William T. Sherman and his wife Ellen from their New York City home decorates the parlor today. Sherman was a graduate of West Point and served under General Ulysses S. Grant in the American Civil War from 1862-1863. In 1863, he succeeded General Grant as the commander of the western theater of the war. He led his troops through Georgia and the Carolinas in the famous "March to the Sea". In April 1865, he accepted the surrender of the Confederates armies in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida. The photograph's caption reads "House in which Gen. Wm T. Sherman, of Civil War fame, was born to Charles and Mary Sherman on Feb. 8 1820. John Sherman, statesman, also born here. Plaque on front wall placed by G. A. R. and allied organ. in 1921. Home just east of business section on N. Main St. Lancaster, Ohio." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B06F01_002_1
Subjects: Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891; Domestic architecture; Historic houses; Lancaster (Ohio); Military Ohio
Places: Lancaster (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of William Tecumseh Sherman in military uniform, painted by George Peter Alexander Healy (181301894), ca. 1865-1870. This painting is a watercolor study for an oil portrait that hangs in the National Portrait Gallery in Washington DC. The watercolor is part of the fine art collection of the Ohio Historical Society. Sherman was a prominent nineteenth-century military leader born on February 8, 1820, in Lancaster, Ohio. He played an important role for the Union during the Civil War, including during the Battle of Shiloh, the Battle of Chattanooga and the "March to the Sea" following the fall of Atlanta in 1864. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05053
Subjects: Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891; Civil War 1861-1865; Ohio History--Military Ohio
 

Description: William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891), prominent military leader from Ohio, helped to lead the Union Army to victory in the Civil War. In this portrait photograph he is shown in old age. His hair and beard are white, and he is wearing civilian attire. His signature appears at the bottom of the portrait. Below the signature is the name and business address of a photography studio: "C. Parker / 447 Penn. Ave. Washington, D.C." Sherman was born on February 8, 1820, in Lancaster, Ohio. He was named after Tecumseh, the famous Shawnee leader. Sherman's father died in 1829. Sherman's mother could not take care of all of her children and had several of them adopted into other families. Thomas Ewing, a neighbor and close family friend, raised William Sherman as a foster son. Sherman attended common schools and received an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1836. He graduated in 1840, ranking sixth in a class of forty-two students. He was commissioned a second lieutenant of artillery. He participated in the Seminole War from 1840 to 1842. During the late 1840s, he was stationed in California and helped Californians secure their independence from Mexico in the Mexican-American War. He resigned his commission in 1853 and went into banking, at which he was not successful. n 1859, Sherman became the superintendent of the Louisiana Military Academy. He also served as a professor of engineering, architecture, and drawing. At the beginning of the American Civil War in 1861 Louisiana's seceded from the Union. Sherman resigned his position and returned to the North. In May 1861, Sherman joined the Union army and was immediately commissioned a brigadier-general of volunteers. He commanded the Third Brigade, First Division, of the Army of Northeastern Virginia at the First Battle of Bull Run in July 1861. His men suffered numerous casualties in the battle. He was transferred to the Department of the Cumberland in August 1861, and Sherman assumed command of that department in October of that year. In this position, Sherman played a vital role in securing Kentucky for the Union. Following the fall of Atlanta, Sherman set out on a "March to the Sea." He determined to break the will of the Southern population between Atlanta and Savannah, Georgia. Sherman left his wagon train behind and ordered his men to feed themselves with what they could find along the way. The Northerners even requisitioned food from the slave population. Sherman realized that the civilian population was supplying the Confederate military with food and other supplies. He decided that one way to win the war was to break the will of the civilian population and to end its ability and desire to equip an army. He left Atlanta on November 15, 1864, and traveled the more than two hundred miles to Savannah by December 21. He faced little resistance from the Confederate military. In 1865, Sherman led his army into the Carolinas, using the same tactics that he had used on the "March to the Sea." General Joseph E. Johnston surrendered at Durham Station, North Carolina, on April 26, 1865 and the Civil War soon came to an end. Sherman remained in the military following the Civil War, serving first as the commander of the Military Division of the Mississippi and then commander of the Military Division of the Missouri. When Ulysses S. Grant became President of the United States in 1869, Sherman replaced him as General of the United States Army. He retired on November 1, 1883, and was succeeded by General Philip Sheridan. Sherman moved to New York City in 1886. He died on February 14, 1891, and was buried in St. Louis, Missouri. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06605
Subjects: Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891; Civil War 1861-1865; Portraits; 1861-1865--Military officers--Union
Places: Lancaster (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio)
 

Description: Main Street in Lancaster, Ohio 1870 showing the Mithoff House. Lancaster was settled by many people of German descent traveling through Pennsylvania. In the early 1800s there was even a newspaper printed in German. Lancaster was quite successful economically, being home to numerous places of business. This would be helped along by a railroad being built in 1854, and numerous canals. While the primary source of income was originally farming, production of commercial goods would soon expand the economy. Lancaster was also the birth place of William T. Sherman, who came to be a famous figure in U.S. history for his role as a general in the American Civil War. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06691
Subjects: Lancaster (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Transportation and Development; Glass industry; Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891
Places: Lancaster (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio); Ohio